Neuesten Studien zufolge wirkt sich ein erhöhter Konsum von Salz negativ auf Asthmaerkrankungen aus, insbesondere bei anstrengungsinduziertem Asthma (EIA,
exercise induced asthma).
Es wurden zwei Gruppen von Asthmatikern mit salzarmen und salzreichen Diäten untersucht, wobei die Salzmenge der salzreichen Diät etwa der entsprach, die durchschnittliche US-Amerikaner mit ihrer Nahrung täglich zu sich nehmen.
At the end of two weeks, the volunteers on the high-salt diet showed a dramatic decline in lung function after physical activity. Their forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) -- a standard measure of lung function -- taken 20 minutes after exercise dropped by 27.4 percent over the two weeks, compared with a 7.9 percent decline for those on the low-salt diet.
(Forbes.com)
Veränderungen des FEV1 von mehr als 10 Prozent gelten als abnormal und höchst bedenklich.
Eine salzreiche Ernährung kann u.a. zu einem Blutdruckanstieg führen, der auch die Lungenblutgefässe zum Anschwellen bringt und damit die Verkrampfung der Atemwege fördert. Aber auch andere von Salz beeinflussbare physiologische Faktoren spielten eine Rolle. Die gesamte Studie erscheint in der Juniausgabe von Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.
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